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Europium, atomic no.63, symbol as Eu, weight at 151.96
Europium, atomic no.: 63, symbol as Eu, weight at 151.96, is utilized primarily for its unique luminescent behavior. Excitation of the Europium atom by absorption of ultra violet radiation can result in specific energy level transitions within the atom creating an emission of visible radiation. It is a dopant in some types of glass in lasers and other optoelectronic devices. Europium Oxide (Eu2O3) is widely used as a red phosphor in television sets and fluorescent lamps, and as an activator for Yttrium-based phosphors. In energy efficient fluorescent lighting, Europium provides not only the necessary red, but also the blue. Several commercial blue phosphors are based on Europium for color TV, computer screens and fluorescent lamps. Its luminescence is also valuable in medical, surgical and biochemical applications. A recent (2015) application of Europium is in quantum memory chips which can reliably store information for days at a time; these could allow sensitive quantum data to be stored to a hard disk-like device and shipped around the country.
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Europium OxideEuropium Oxide Used as a phosphor activator, color cathode-ray tubes and liquid-crystal displays employ europium oxide as the red phosphor. It is also applied in specialty plastic for laser material.
Europium ChlorideEuropium Chloride Specially used for manufacturing phosphor activator and also applied in specialty glass for laser material.
Europium FluorideEuropium Fluoride The main application is for phosphor, glass and ceramic industries, and also be used for processing Europium metal and alloys.
Europium OxalateEuropium Oxalate Mainly applied in phosphor industry, also used for manufacturing ceramics ad specialty glass for laser material.
Erbium Oxide is an important colorant in glasses and porcelain enamel glazes. High purity Erbium Oxide is widely applied as dopant in making optical fibre and amplifier.
Yttrium Metal is widely applied in making speciality alloys, it increases the strengths of alloys of metals such as chromium, aluminium, and magnesium.
Ytterbium Chloride is applied to numerous fiber amplifier and fiber optic technologies. High purity grades are widely applied as a doping agent for garnet crystals in lasers.